Techniques introduced during the industrial revolution, such as sewing machines , helped mechanize some processes, including fabric production, but splicing and final assembly also required a lot of manpower. With the resurgence of automation, the general artificial textile industry is not like the automotive and electronics industries. The lack of precision of the machine can not replace the human hand. In addition, the labor force in Bangladesh, Cambodia and China is sufficient to reduce the need for automation. But now with the rising wages in emerging countries, the rapid development of machine technology and the decline in costs, the Asian textile industry is facing a death cross.
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) reported that Asian countries see the textile industry as the first stage of poverty alleviation, including South Korea, China, and Thailand. Before stationed in the garment industry in Bangladesh, the country vulnerable to flooding and erosion in the famine among the military coup, the World Bank said that from 2000 to 2010, Bangladeshi garment exports grew nearly three times, to provide 3 million manufacturing jobs, accounting for the country's exports 81% of the proportion.
However, in the face of automation threats, it is estimated that Asian countries will lose more than 80% of the textile manufacturing industry. The main reason is that the machine now has the ability to operate soft fabrics, stitch pockets and attach belts to belts. . In addition, the Bangladesh government has increased labor costs for workers to increase wages, and textile companies such as Africa have joined the competition. Bangladesh textile mills are actively introducing emerging automation technologies.
Many factories have moved from the crowded capital of Dhaka to suburban factories in order to implement the new standards demanded by Western buyers. Large manufacturers affordable investment to upgrade labor-saving technology, hundreds of small labor-intensive factories closed. The growing population of Bangladesh is even more serious. It is estimated that Bangladesh needs to increase 2 million jobs a year to catch up with the growth rate of labor, but the textile industry only adds 60,000 jobs a year, and can increase by 30 in 2003-2010. Ten thousand jobs.
From the results, integration and automation help Bangladesh remain competitive and maintain the buyer's price. Bangladesh's garment output value has benefited from the continuous increase in automation benefits. From 2013 to 2016, Bangladesh's garment exports increased by an average of 19.5%. Owners in Western countries will not stop automating because technology applications make products cheaper, and automation can bring the industry back to countries where labor costs are high in the United States.
Including Softwear, a US company that develops automated tools for garment factories, will introduce sewing robots sewbots in 2019 at the Chinese clothing manufacturer Suzhou Tianyuan. The goal of Sewbots is to provide on-demand personal clothing and reduce fashion. The brand outsources production to the needs of Asia. Adidas' super factory Speedfactory also uses computer knitting technology to produce shoes.
Mohammadi, a Bangladeshi textile company that produces garments for international manufacturers such as H&M and ZARA, began to phase out manpower on the production line in 2012, introducing 173 German weaving machines to replace 500 workers, with only a few personnel occasionally adjusting procedures or cleaning work, others Time does not require human intervention, and the knitting process can be fully automated.
Denim Expert, a textile mill in Bangladesh, introduced a Spanish-made laser finishing machine for a price of 150,000 euros, which is much more precise than dozens of workers who perform the same tasks manually. The other four machines are used to automatically suture jeans that are damaged during processing. Each machine is equipped with a person who can replace 12 workers working on a standard sewing machine.
As the automation of the textile industry accelerates, Bangladesh needs a diversified economy, so that the manufacturing labor force will not be affected by technological changes, and other countries have successfully embarked on this path. But the report believes that the biggest difference now is that high-priced alternatives found in the value chain, such as electronic products, are also facing automation threats. The World Bank believes that “if young people are not included in manufacturing activities, they will become untimely bombs in society.â€
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